Fuel-injection device for internal-combustion engines



Match 20, 1928. E. VN SAI-ls FUEL INJECTION DEVICE F'oR INTERNAL poNsusTIoN ENGINES Original Filed Dec. 29,` 1924 (MINVENTQR' BY/ 5 .ATro Nav NIIIIIII Patented Mar. zo, 192s.

UNITED STATES p 1,663,472 PMENT OFFICE.

:animan von sans, or' WINTERTHUR,

mIssoUaI.

MISSOURI, A CORPORATION Ol' FUEL-INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application led December 29, 1924, Serial No. 758,510, and in Switzerland January 22, 1924.-

Renewed January 12, 192,8.

My invention relates to an airless fuel injectron device compr1s1ng an accumulator and associated means enabling 1t to be located ata distance from the point of injec-v cumulator chamber may be placed at themost convenient and advantageous point and that, in two-cycle engines, to which the invention is`especially but not exclusively applicable, the crank shaft itself may be used as the camshaft. The, invention has various features in common with the fuel injection device disclosed in the a plication of Edward von Salis, Serial No.V 47,706, filed November 4, 1924, on which it is an improvement, but differs therefrom in respects hereinafter pointed out.

Referring to the drawing: Fig. 1 is a vertical section through tlie lfuel injection device and related parts, the arrangement being illustrated diagrammatically as fora two cycle engine.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of atmodifica-v tion in which the accumulator chamber and immediately `associated structure corresponds substantially to the form of injection device shown in the co-pending case above referred to. Y In the preferred formV of the invention wherein it is applied to a two-cycle engine, 1 is a usual variable delivery fuel pump mounted adjacent the crank shaft 2 for operation therefrom in any suitable way, and delivering fuel to the accumulator chamber 3,

in which is located the accumulator plunger 4, having an extension 5 projecting through the cap of the accumulator chamber and surrounded by the accumulator spring 6 acting upon the enlarg ment 7 to return, the

accumulator plunger. The needle valve 8 in Fig. 1, 8 in Fig. 2, controls the outlet from the accumulator chamber being in both the forms illustrated, provided with a pressure area 9 whereby it is opened by the fuel at thev proper time'. The accumulator spring 6, when not acting as such, tends to seat l the valve, actlng in Fig. 1 through lever 10 fulcrumcdy at 11 on the cap of the accumulator chamber and to which, as by pin 12, the extensionl 5 of the accumulator plunger is pivotally or otherwisemovably connected, the free end of the lever resting upon the end of the valve stem. It will be observed that the plunger and valve inv Fig. 1 are mounted side by side, but that in Fig. 2, as in the aforesaid pending application, the plunger, here a sleeve 4', is concentric with the valve 8 and closely fits the same and a cavity -in the accumulator chamber, .the plunger being acted upon by the accumulator spring 6 and, through the inwardly projecting plunger cap 13 and the annular shoulder 14 on vthe valve stem, acting to seat the valve. This arrangement is more compact than that of Fig. 1, which, however, has the advantage of aquicker movement of the valve in closing and of 'applying lesspforce to the valve in this operation, owing to the decreased leverage, which provides a somewhat softer valve action. In both forms of the device the valve is temporarily 'blocked against opening by mechanical means, as the bell-crank 15, the end 16 of one of .whose arms isforced down by the spring 17 into contact with a collar or enlargement 18 on the stem of the valve 8 in Fig. 1 and against the end of the stem of the yvalve 8 in Fig. 2, thereby seating it save whenv the other arm of the, lever bearing the cam roller 19 isl actuated by cam 2O on the crankshaft or other cam shaft 2, at which time, the valve being unblocked, fuel pressure on its area 9 opens it. The valve may be unblocked and the pump may be operated, in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, from the crank shafteto the engine which thus enabling the usual special cam shaftv to be dispensed with. This convenient location is made possible by the provision of a fuel injection valve 21 mounted at or on the cylinder 22,. and preferably ofa usual fuelopened-spring-closed type as shown. The accumulator chamber is connected with this fuel injection valve by `a pipe 23' of the required length. The provision in association with an accumulator of a mechanically blocked but periodically unblocked outlet valve, as in the companion application above is assumed to be a two-cycle engine,`

SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOR TO BUSCH-SULZER i BROS-DIESEL ENGINE COMPANY, 0F ST. LOUIS,

referred to, would enable substantially conl etant and high fuel ejection velocity from chamber were also the engine injection opening, but in order to 'gain theseresults at a distance from the engine injection opening, the valve 21 must be provided, the pipe 23 being thus shut off from the cylinder except during fuel injection whereby it is prevented from being drained during the suction stroke of the engine and whereby also the deposit of carbon from gases which would otherwise be blown into it during the working stroke is prevented.

Both forms of the device operate as fol-l lows: When the pump delivers fuel to the accumulator chamber, the accumulator plunger is thereby forced back and the accumulator spring put under pressure the valve being thereby relieved from the effect of the accumulator spring but remaimng subject to the obstructive effect of the pressure of spring 17 exerted through the bell crank until the same i's operated by its ca m, whereupon the charge is forcibly ejected 1nto the pipe leading to the fuel injection nozzle at the cylinder and by its pressure openst the valve 2l and injects the charge at high and substantially constant velocity into the cylinder.

I claim v:-

1. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustionA engines comprising an accumulator located at a distance from the cylinder, subject to pressure of the fuel charge, and having associated therewith a fuel outlet, a blocked valve commanding said outlet, means for periodically unblocking said valve, means for operating the valve when unblocked, a pipe connecting said fuel outlet to the cylinder, and `a valve automatically controlling the fuel injection nozzle on the cylinder.

2. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising an accumulator chamber located at a distance from the cylinder and having a fuel outlet, a blocked valve commanding said outlet, an accumulator subject to pressure of the fuel in the chamber and operatively connected to the valve, means for periodically unblocking said valve, a pipe connecting the fuel outlet of the accumulator chamber to the cylinder, and av fuel-opened-springclosed valve controlling the fuel injection nozzle on the cylinder.

3. An aiiless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a pump, an accui'nulator chamber located at a distance from the cylinder and connected with the pump and with the fuel injection nozzle at the cylinder, an accumulator plunger subject to the pressure of the fuel in the chamber, a blocked valve commanding the outlet fromthe accumulator chamber to said connections, operative connections between said accumulator plunger and valve to seat the valve, the engine crank shaft being provided with means for operating the fuel pump and for periodically unblocking said valve, and a valve at the cylinder controlling the fuel injection nozzle.

4. An airless injection device for .internal combustion engines comprising an accumulator spring and plunger subject to pressure of the fuel charge, an opening through which fuel is forced by the accumulator, a valve commanding said opening, means for blocking the valve, operative connect-ions between ,said plunger and valve to seat the same including a lever, means for periodically unblocking the valve, means.

5. An airless fuel injection device for intcrnalY combustion engines comprising an accumulator chamber having a fuel outlet, a valve commanding the same, an accumulator plunger mounted in the'chamber side by side with the valve, operative connections between the accumulator plunger and the valve tending to seatthe valve, means for and valve-operating blocking movement of the valve from itsy seat, means for periodically unblocking the valve, and valve operating means.

6. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising an accumulator chamber having a. fuel outlet, a valve commanding the same, a lever fulcrumed on the accumulatorehamber movably connected to the accumulator plunger and operatively associated with the valve to seat the same and adapted to act thereon through reduced leverage, an accumulator plunger Ymounted in the` chamberside by side with the valve, means for blocking movement of the valve from its seat, means for periodically unblocking the valve, and valve operating means.

7. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising an accumulator chamber having a fuel outlet, a valve commanding the same, an accumulator plunger mounted in the chamber side by side with the valve, operative connections between the accumulator plunger and the valve tending to seat the same, said connections including a lever fulcrumed on the accumulator chamber movably connected to the accumulator plunger and extending over a part of the valve and free to move away from it, means for blocking movement of the valve from its seat, means for unblocking.

the valve and valve operating means.

8. In an airless fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines, a chamber having a fuel injection opening, a valve closmgsaid opening, an accumulator having a plunger subject to displacement by fuel and serving to store up energy while the valve 1s closed, and a lever interposed. between the accumulator and the valve 1n a yvalve-closing` connection by which said energy act-ing entirely through said lever slams the valve shut, the seating of the valve by such action serving to limit the return movement of the accumulator plunger.

9. An airless fuel injection device for iuternal` combustion engines comprising a chamber having a fuel injection opening, a valve conm'landing the same, an accumulator having an accumulator spring relatively movable with respect to said valve, and a lever of the third class interposed between the accumulator and the valve, the seating ofy the valve by the accumulator through said lever serving to limit the return movement of the accumulator.

10. In an airless fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines a chamber having a fuel injection opening, a valve closing said opening, an accumulator subject to displacement by fuel and serving to store up energy while the valve is closed, and means for seating said valve including a lever interposed between said accumulator and valve and operatively connecting them only on the return stroke of the accumulator.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification.

EDUARD voN SALIS. 

